Best cold bluing solution. Cold bluing is for minor touch-ups ONLY.

Best cold bluing solution The bluing solution used in hot bluing is a caustic salt mixture of potassium nitrate and sodium hydroxide known as “Traditional Caustic Black. In addition to this cold bluing thread, we also have many other threads about blackening -- thread 11740, "Black oxide formula for Hot Blueing of Guns/Firearms" should help you with the hot black oxide formulas. Orifices included for both Natural and Propane Gas. Jul 7, 2023 · Q: Is cold bluing a permanent solution? A: No, cold bluing is not a permanent solution. Bluing kits are most suitable when the gun has lost its original bluing. KEY FEATURES: - The Proven Way For Touching Up Or Completely Reblueing Most Guns; - The Fast-Acting Liquid Gives a Non-Streaky, Uniform Blue-Black Finish; - Generous Supply Of Everything You Need To Do a First-Class Job; 13801 - perma blue gun blue kit includes: 3 oz perma blue liquid gun blue, 3 oz cleaner-degreaser, 3 oz blue & rust remover Brownells Oxpho-Blue Liquid Gun Blue, Cold Bluing Solution, Gunsmithing Tools Maintenance Cleaning Supplies, Professional Grade, 4 Fl oz. Cold blue isn't bluing, it is kinda like a fancy chemical paint rather than a conversion coating like real bluing. An easy-to-apply, black finish is created as a result. This priming before the process is essential in ensuring the best result from the cold blue. Much prefer rust bluing, but that’s not what you inquired about. 4 days ago · This is the best bluing solution yet I have tried. It will be as durable as any hot or rust blue because it is a form of rust bluing. I have used Oxphoblue to refinish an entire barreled action with excellent results. Once you’ve done cleaning, you can get rid of the solution as it’s best to use a fresh cleaner for each bluing session. Jan 31, 2013 · I prefer either Novum Solutions "Blue Wonder" (have a black version too) or Brownell's Oxpho Blue (cream version works better than liquid version for me) to cold blue a firearm. (5) supplied. 7 Bluing Solution Tank 4) Hot Water Rinse Tank 5) Water Displacing Oil Tank In a 6-tank setup, the tanks are as follows: 1) Dicro-Clean 909 Cleaning Solution Tank Mar 11, 2013 · Best cold bluing solution The Smithy. Score. Rust bluing was developed between hot and cold bluing processes, and was originally used by gunsmiths in the 19th century to blue firearms prior to the development of hot bluing processes. does anyone know formulas for these early rust bluing Apr 28, 2017 · The so-called "cold bluing / cold blue" process covers the metal surfaces with a smooth and homogeneous black color. A proper rust blue should be jet black under oil. However, with proper maintenance, the finish can last for several years. The old fashioned way of bluing, and the original way a blacksmith or gunsmith would blue an item, is called rust bluing. BW Casey Aluminum Black Gun Bluing Kit - https://linkwhirl. Most all the current blues on the market will give good results for touchup, etc. Cold blue does not provide any protection what so ever (as far as I know) from oxidation and such, and is pretty much purely cosmetic, if you want to actually protect the metal, you need to actually blue it using the hot rust bluing method, costic bluing method, or traditional rust bluing method, which all look infinitely better, adds good The Gun Blue kit by Shooter’s Choice is a cold blue two part process that bonds to and colors the metal. It's fine for covering a nick or scratch, but not rebluing entire parts. It is a SURFACE COATING which is easily rubbed off and removed. Apr 12, 2022 · Top 5 best gun bluing kits are here-☑1. Cold bluing should be reserved for small parts and touch-ups. Sep 8, 2023 · Brownells Oxpho-Blue Liquid Gun Blue, Cold Bluing Solution, Gunsmithing Tools Maintenance Cleaning Supplies, Professional Grade, 4 Fl oz. Let me show you this simple process. com Feb 25, 2015 · I've used the BC Perma Blue Liquid, Super Blue Liquid, Brownell's Oxpho-blue and the 44/40 instant blue. The bluing tank burner provides the correct heat for the bluing solution, and the hot water tank burner is specifically designed for cleaner and hot water rinse tanks, saving fuel and optimizing energy efficiency. Very durable. 5. Sep 15, 2003 · Customers are pleased with the product's performance, black finish, and ease of application. It can also provide a depth of beauty to a firearm much like older classic cars with many layers of lacquer paint. Aug 6, 2014 · I've found it to be just as good as Oxpho Blue, but more costly and not quite as easy to use. Buffing too hard can damage the bluing solution and leave behind scratches. Generally, it gives an adequate cosmetic retouch of a gun's finish when applied and additionally oiled on a regular basis. You will then rinse off the bluing solution and clean the gun. On a molecular level, heat gets things moving! All things become more pliable and receptive to change when they are heated. The process was to coat the gun parts in an acid solution, let the parts rust uniformly, then immerse the parts in boiling water to convert the red oxide Fe The best way to apply a bluing solution has been in debate for many years, and each shooting enthusiast or gunsmith has a differing opinion on which method is the best. It includes everything you need – including applicators – to get your gun blue job done. Apply and Wait Twelve Hours. The Firing Line Forums > The Skunkworks > The Smithy: Best cold bluing solution 10 best Cold Bluing of January 2025. Step #5 Boiling Dec 3, 2014 · There are a numerous ways to blue gun metal, the oldest and probably the least expensive way is rust bluing. In my experience, the Birchwood Casey paste works the best. If the original bluing is broken and worn away, hot would be the best method instead of cold. LEARN HOW TO BLUE. Hot but not boiling. I use a heat gun or a careful application of a torch. This is not a test. A good bluing solution will help to create a smooth, even finish that will last for years. Cold-bluing stainless steel employs an acidic solution like Caswell Stainless Steel Blackener 370. Types of Bluing. The main difference between the two blacking solutions is that rust is immediately formed with the Express Blue #1 but it takes hours for the rust to form with the Slow Rust #3 formula. Cold Bluing Solutions test: Birchwood Casey Super Blue, Brownells Oxpho-Blue, Brownells Formula 44/40, Brownells Oxpho-Blue crème formula, Birchwood Casey Al After years of experimenting with different cold blues, and trying to match the results of a hot blue, I came up with a method of achieving results similar t Mar 12, 2024 · Cold bluing uses acids to put an oxidized finish on steel at room temperatures, or close to it. For a truly unique and long-lasting look, nitre blue is the best way to go. Today we want to revisit cold bluing, covering some tricks and tips to make the job easier. It’s fantastic for getting color, but you won’t get the sheen or mirror-like finish you would Jan 14, 2021 · The steel wool will be used to buff the cold blue between coats. Like other cold blue products, it wears relatively fast, and would only use on barrel or receiver if I was looking for that well worn look. What is cold bluing? Cold bluing is a process of applying a chemical solution to the metal of a gun to create a protective and decorative finish. Still looks good after 25 plus years. The two most important factors for an even finish are a) a consistent and even surface to the metal b) a thoroughly degreased surface/component, preferably with acetone or an equivalent degreasing agent - preparation of the piece prior to bluing is key. Van’s Gun Blue Things to Consider Before Getting a Gun Bluing Kit. Birchwood Casey Complete Gun Finish Kit 5. If this is the whole gun parts or spot bluing a gun, then follow the steps properly. Birchwood Casey Super Blue 4. 2024's Top 5 Best Cold Bluing Solution Top Rated and Reviewed. I'm going to re-blue a revolver frame and cylinder. 83 ($4. Aug 20, 2022 · the acid based solution was applied to the surface allowed to rust until red immersed in boiling water then wire brushed to produce a blue black finnish. However, rust bluing of small areas will often Feb 3, 2017 · Cold bluing is a quick and easy way to put the color back onto steel parts. The solution can either be applied by brush or as an immersion bath. This article provides an in-depth overview of bluing stainless steel, including an explanation of the bluing process and the various types of bluing techniques commonly used. Mar 1, 2024 · The kit’s black iron tanks are well-designed and won’t contaminate your bath, ensuring high-quality bluing results. Will Van's work on brass or stainless steel? Van’s is intended to be used on ferrous metals only. Basically, you want the cleaning cycle to be somewhere around 150-180 degrees. NOTE: In case you want to blacken / blue other metals and alloys like copper, brass or bronce we recommend our other bluing product "Tifoo Black Magic". Is it difficult to blue a gun at home? Bluing a gun at home is generally a straightforward process that can be done with proper instructions and care. If the original bluing is still there then you can easily use cold blue. For bluing highly polished steel parts and hardened steels containing nickel and chrome alloys (except stainless) 25-30 quality westlake market 3" patches plus 25 quality cottong swabs Double-strength bluing solution Super blue extra strength gun blue is the blackest blue Brownells Oxpho-Blue Liquid Gun Blue, Cold Bluing Solution, Gunsmithing Tools Maintenance Cleaning Supplies, Professional Grade, 4 Fl oz. Cold bluing isn't especially resistant to holster wear, neither it provides a high degree of rust resistance. However I still get people contacting me asking what solution I use as the one they use doesn't work. But it isn't. Step #4 Cold Water Rinsing. However, note that hot-bluing is best for steel and stainless steel guns. For Cleaning Solution, Cold Water Rinse, Bluing Solution, Hot Water Rinse and Water Displacing Oil. com/hbBHRN2. Look at the original bluing’s condition . Let’s take a look at how to deal 4. Clean the area w/ 0000 steel wool, wipe area down w/ denatured alcohol (or regular rubbing alcohol on a damp cloth), rinse with HOT water. Cold blue can produce a fine look on the metal but it’s not as long-lasting as hot blue. The Gun Blue kit by Shooter’s Choice is a cold blue two part process that bonds to and colors the metal. Brownell Oxpho-Blue Professional Grade Co Dec 9, 2009 · If the part is small enough, you should boil it in water for 5 minutes after you cold blue it. Cold bluing is for minor touch-ups ONLY. Rotate the parts through the cold water to wash off the bluing salts. It tends to match the existing bluing quite nicely, making it the best bluing solution for black powder weapons. This has to be the best solution (pun intended) for cold bluing that I have found. 112M consumers helped this year. 82 ($4. I have tried the creme but prefer this liquid. Safety First: Properly protect skin when using Van's Instant Gun Blue. To call it such would be unfair to every test heretofore conducted. Jun 5, 2022 · Copper or selenium plating and oxidation are the best cold blue solutions for stainless steel. BURNISH IF NECESSARY: Sometimes, burnishing and reapplying can enhance the color. Can I cold blue a firearm with a chrome-plated finish? Cold bluing is not recommended for use on chrome-plated finishes, as it may not adhere As discussed in the article What Blue Solution to Use I explain that it does not really matter what you use as long as it is corrosive, in the article I compare salt water with rust blue solution and end up with the same result. Cold Bluing. If the cold bluing nirvana exists and it's not part of the list of products I bought, then the best I can do is tell you about ones I am about to try. It actually deposits a dark phosphate finish. Comparing charcoal blue to cold blue is about the same. Aug 23, 2019 · If you are searching the best cold bluing kit then here is our suggested gun bluing products for you: Delta provision gun cleaning kit. Buff the barrel gently. Bluing steel is the process of oxidizing the surface to protect it from rust. Availability may be an issue. The Firing Line Forums > The Skunkworks > The Smithy: Best cold bluing solution This is the first and only cold bluing solution I’ve tried, but I am extremely impressed by this product. 83 $ 18 . This science can be applied to bluing steel as well. Real true bluing is accomplished with rust as a core fundamental. Unlike hot-bluing, you do not have to heat a solution to cold blue a gun. The metal is then placed in a humid environment to rust. Brownell Oxpho-Blue G. 2 mL) $18. com FREE SHIPPING on qualified orders See full list on wideopenspaces. Feb 19, 2024 · 12. Where cold blue, the solution is wiped on without the need to heat the metal parts. But note that there is more to hot bluing than the formula, and that Rust bluing provides the greatest amount of metal protection of the different bluing processes (excluding parkerizing). Follow the directions and you will be very pleased with the results. You make the metal rust, knock the loose rust off, and then boil or steam the knife to convert the red rust to black/blue rust. The Firing Line Forums > The Skunkworks > The Smithy: Best cold bluing solution Apr 28, 2024 · Dip the gun parts in the bluing solution. Keep them in the tank for about 10 minutes. While most are satisfied with touch-ups and quality, opinions differ on value for money and rust prevention. There are three types of bluing: hot bluing, cold bluing, and rust bluing. Step by step process of how to cold blue a gun. 7 out of 5 stars Good to great finish . Like factory blue, it produces a beautiful, durable finish. 5 million+ people assisted in the last 30 days About us Categories. (1) supplied. 2 mL) on Amazon. Brown rust is Fe2O3 that becomes black rust Fe3O4 when boiled in water. 9. Q: Can I use cold bluing on my firearm? A: Yes, cold bluing is a common method of Mar 3, 2022 · The hot-bluing process requires cleaning your gun’s parts before dipping them in a heated bluing solution. The Actual Bluing’s Condition Aug 9, 2020 · A heated cleaning cycle works better, so that’s what I recommend you do. Can I use household items to blue a gun? Apr 27, 2017 · Van's gun blue is a cold bluing solution that truly etches into steel. You can use household chemicals like vinegar or salt-water to make the knife rust. They're very easy to apply, requiring only a thorough degreasing before application. I usually need at least four applications for a deep blue. to/2PGwQH4Phillips Professional Cold Blue: https://amzn. Reasonably priced cold blue solution, works best on super shiny polished steel and expect to apply 8 to 12 coats even in super blue to get a uniform finish allow plenty of drying time between coats as it will tend to wipe off and finish next day with some old fashion gun oil and it seals the deal. This method provides a durable and deep blue-black finish. 71/Fl Oz) Get it as soon as Saturday, Jan 18 Does bluing prevent rust? Cold bluing is a controlled oxidation of ferrous metals similar to rust. I wish I had pictures of it when i first did it, a GP-100 completely re-blued with 44/40, because i didn't have any $$ at the time. Hot bluing solution: A more involved process, hot bluing requires heating the bluing solution and carefully applying it to the gun. 0 5. It is NOT a suitable option for finishing of an entire gun. The best cold product I have used is Oxpho Blue marketed by Brownells. Buy it on Mar 11, 2013 · Best cold bluing solution The Smithy. Easy application and does a fantastic job. TRY DIFFERENT COLD BLUES: If one type of cold blue doesn’t work, try another until you find one that does. Feb 29, 2024 · If he had used a real rust blue solution, he would have had a hard time removing it even with Scotchbrite. Traditionally, bluing was performed using a hot salt method, and currently, cold bluing and hot bluing are performed, both with varying results. What are you guys suggestions as far as the best cold bluing solution? There are so many choices and so many conflicting customer reviews. The gun industry has done people a disservice by cleverly marketing it as bluing, because the name suggests it is an easy/DIY bluing technique. I don’t know much about chemistry, but you must have seen the green color produced by oxidation of copper. Easily choose and compare the Best Cold Bluing Solution for you all in one place. 0 out of 5 stars 2 ratings Dec 25, 2024 · Brownells Oxpho-Blue Liquid Gun Blue, Cold Bluing Solution, Gunsmithing Tools Maintenance Cleaning Supplies, Professional Grade, 4 Fl oz. 71/Fl Oz) Get it as soon as Thursday, Jan 16 Apr 19, 2019 · Goran offers 3 cold-bluing formulas on the page you are viewing. Apr 26, 2024 · 2. Many consider it the best cold bluing available right now. Whether you are touching up the barrel of your favorite shotgun or bluing an entire motorcycle frame, the following is a basic guideline to help ensure the best possible results. You’ll need a sander, alcohol wipes, wax and grease remover, bluing solution, cotton balls, sandpaper, a soft cloth, and gun oil. Feb 22, 2023 · In this video, I show you how to blue your weapon, quick and easy!Bluing set: https://amzn. From hot caustic bluing to rust bluing, fume bluing, cold bluing, nitre bluing, […] Apr 1, 2014 · 1. Apply the blueing solution w/ a clean cotton cloth, wait 90 seconds, and rinse thoroughly with COLD water. Over time, the protective coating will wear away, requiring reapplication of the bluing solution. Cold bluing is a method which doesn’t require heat. BushWear. Cold bluing will be enough when the gun’s original bluing is still present, even when there are mild surface scratches, nicks, and dents. Feb 29, 2024 · Regarding weird colors produced by using rust bluing solutions on cold blued surfaces, it seems likely that they can be attributed to the presence of copper sulfate in cold bluing solutions. The bluing process is often accelerated and intesified with the use of heat. For fun I compared the finish from two Brownell's cold bluing products: You did not provide any text to rewrite. Nov 7, 2024 · Cold bluing solution: Ideal for touch-ups or small areas, cold bluing solutions are easy to use and are applied directly to the gun’s surface. Once you apply the cold blue solution, you will have to wait twelve hours. Works best if parts are heated slightly. Instead, the chemical oxidation that takes place penetrates the steel surface to provide a durable finish (roughly half the depth of a hot blue). Mar 11, 2013 · Best cold bluing solution The Smithy. 1. 2. to/3LOuKTi (US)Mu You're using cold blue. ” This solution must be heated to a temperature of from 275 to 311 degrees F (135 to 155 degrees C), depending on the makeup of the bluing solution. Overheating can damage the bluing solution and cause the barrel to warp. Bluing stainless steel is a popular process that enhances the appearance and durability of steel surfaces. WIPE DOWN WITH WATER: After achieving the desired finish, wipe down with water to dilute and remove any residues of the cold blue to prevent after Oct 23, 2024 · Best cold blues I have used are Oxphoblue and 44-40. We'll be using a cold bluing kit that has everything we'll need. Dicropan T-4 and Hot bluing refers to the process of submersing the metal parts in a hot bath of bluing salts to get the desired color. to/2wSM8BFThis is the entire process from start to finish 1) Dicro-Clean 909 Cleaning Solution Tank 2) Flowing Cold Water Rinse Tank (used both for rinsing after Cleaning Solution and after Bluing Solution) 3) Oxynate No. Feb 27, 2022 · I will cover charcoal bluing, flame bluing, and cold bluing next time around. I heat them to the point where the bluing solution will begin to hiss when applied with a Q-tip or cloth. Everything that Brownells produces is intended for professional Shooter Solutions Rugged Gun Blue. Hydrogen peroxide and table salt is a poor substitute. Heating the part can help cold bluing work better, I’ve heard. Aug 27, 2004 · Have found Brownells Oxpho-Blue to work the best, but only use on small parts or screw heads. After that, you can scrub all the rust from your revolver, and you will start seeing the effects of the bluing. My advice to everyone on the topic is keep your solution simple Buy the cold bluing kit here: https://amzn. Sep 12, 2024 · Brownells Oxpho-Blue Liquid Gun Blue, Cold Bluing Solution, Gunsmithing Tools Maintenance Cleaning Supplies, Professional Grade, 32 oz Visit the Brownells Store 5. Cold-Bluing a Gun. com/ERuCbX☑2. View Product. It came out jet-black and looked for all the world like the finest hot blue! I've used Birchwood Casey's Perma-Blue and Super Blue, Numrich's 44-40 Blue, and Brownell's Oxpho Blue, all with good results (and not so good results, too). Choose the parts that you want to cold blue. Birchwood Casey cold blue is a copper/selenium plating process, it isn't actual bluing. They find it works well, produces a nice dark blackish blue finish, and is simple to use. Leave to air dry for 3 minutes. These small parts are from a Winchester Model 67 and we've polished them to a 240-grit finish. Be careful not to overheat the barrel. Delta Provision Gun Cleaning Kit 2. It should have been called 'black touch up' or something. Nov 7, 2022 · Hot Blue vs Cold Blue. Sep 6, 2019 · Our Top 5 Best Gun Bluing Kit in 2022; Our Top 5 Best Gun Bluing Kit Reviews 1. The metal is prepped by removing old bluing, rust and any oil or grease. Cold Blue Solution. 3. 4. 13. It’s not quite as immersive as a standard hot blue, but it’s pretty close. Aug 12, 2024 · In this buying guide, I will walk you through all the necessary information to help you find the best gun bluing kit. Check out BROWNELLS FORMULA 44/40® INSTANT GUN BLUE | Brownells available Online at Brownells Today and many more Metal Bluing products are available in our Tools & Cleaning Department. The first thing you need to consider when buying a gun bluing kit is the type of bluing it offers. It will help even out the finish without causing scratches or removing too much bluing. The rusty spots you are seeing is the copper plating out from the copper sulfate solution. 2 mL) Brownells View on Amazon Use a high-quality bluing solution. The kits mentioned here are suitable for cold bluing. Warm steel will take bluing faster and often deeper than cold steel. Includes enough chemicals for up to 3 complete re-blue’s or dozens of touch ups. As with all chemicals, skin and eyes should be protected from potential exposure. Originally I was planning on covering all sorts of finishing types but the bluing alone made this an extremely long article so I ended up chopping it in half and will conclude next time! Hopefully, sometime soon we can go over some more non-bluing finishes. this finnish is very durable and can not be duplicated by commercial cold instant blue products currently available in gun shops. Mar 12, 2014 · Customers appreciate the product's bluing speed. 82 $ 18 . (118. 2 mL) 4 Fl Oz (Pack of 1) 4. to/3CNzrXr (Europe)Birchwood Casey: https://amzn. 7 out of 5 stars Dec 4, 2024 · Article Summary X. Please provide the text to proceed. Dec 7, 2024 · Cold blue (selenium dioxide) does a reasonable job for me on smaller parts. 2. However, If I really want to do a really good looking (cold) blue job, I'll use the Blue Wonder. But when its original bluing has been worn away, professional hot bluing will give better results. There are a lot of cold blue solutions on the market, but the one that I use is Brownell’s Oxpho-Blue. When you remove it, you'll need to remove a soft, fuzzy black oxide, and your blue will appear below it. Whether cold or hot blued, these metals should be treated with a wax, lacquer or water displacing oil to reduce exposure to corrosion causing moisture. If you’re using Birchwood Casey, I’ve used their cold blue and had pretty bad finish. Hot blue is more durable than cold blue and is the preferred method. Birchwood Casey Perma Blue Liquid Gun Blue👉https://linkwhirl. This means that when you blue with Van's you aren't simply applying a decorative topcoat or paint to the steel surface. They say it blues black almost instantly and works well for touching up areas of worn off bluing. Mark Lee Express Blue #1, Express Brown #2, and Slow Rust #3 are true rust bluing solutions. Jan 24, 2015 · Buy Brownells Oxpho-Blue Liquid Gun Blue, Cold Bluing Solution, Gunsmithing Tools Maintenance Cleaning Supplies, Professional Grade, 4 Fl oz. 6. Mar 14, 2013 · The 'Super Blue' is twice as strong as their regular 'Perma Blue' product. With real bluing, rust gets converted to a black oxide layer (basically black rust) that acts as an added barrier to normal red rust. Oxpho-Blue Professional Grade Cold Blue 3. This is the best bluing solution yet I have tried. However, one application of cold blue Dec 31, 2024 · Best products, best offers. BLUING TANK BURNER - Sized to provide correct heat for the Bluing Solution. Cold Bluing is a Selenium Dioxide based solution which oxidizes ON TOP OF the steel you apply it to, it IS NOT bluing the actual metal. BushWear Professional Cold Blue by Phillips. Due to the time and work involved this method is more expensive to have done than the Hot Caustic Salt Blue. I've never liked the results cold bluing has given me for large surfaces. In the past I've done more cold blue work with Oxpho than the Blue Wonder. This is an evaluation and a comparison of several cold bluing products, nothing more, nothing less. The results are very close to commercial hot bluing. Keep following this routine until your blue is satisfactorily dark. Jan 29, 2012 · Brownells Oxpho-Blue Liquid Gun Blue, Cold Bluing Solution, Gunsmithing Tools Maintenance Cleaning Supplies, Professional Grade, 4 Fl oz. Brownells Oxpho-Blue Liquid Gun Blue, Cold Bluing Solution Jun 11, 2022 · Links to the five Best Gun Bluing Kits listed in this video:1. Then an acid solution is applied to the metal, the acid will accelerate the rusting. I've had good and bad results with both products, but they have worked better overall than other cold blue products I've tried. You could also soak the entire part in a container of the cold bluing solution (it can be diluted with water for more volume, I assume it’ll just take longer to work). Apr 3, 2024 · Hey, Steve from Brownells here. This is my go-to cold blue product from now on, for both touch-up and large items! [Archive] Best cold bluing solution The Smithy. Oct 16, 2022 · Cold blue looked at critically would reveal itself as a separate chemical reaction from real-deal bluing. Keep heating and re-applying the blueing solution until the desired depth of color is reached. Cold bluing is still applicable even for small nicks, dents, and scratches on the metallic surface. Can I cold blue a firearm with plastic or wood parts? It is important to protect non-metal parts of the firearm from the cold blue solution, as it is designed specifically for metal surfaces. Dec 23, 2008 · The best cold-blue job I ever did was on a WWII 1911 slide made by Remington-Rand. ajtb epnj rtun rqjqlq qlqu xfoe shzkp yoivday ykyz xvdw